Which of the following is an example of defamation?

Defamation occurs when false statements about an individual or entity are published or stated, which can harm their reputation. In this scenario, the accurate example of defamation is the inclusion of an untrue statement regarding a competitor's ability to pay claims in a brochure. This misinformation can negatively impact the competitor's reputation and business, as potential customers or partners may view the competitor unfavorably based on the false claims.

The other choices do not fit the criteria for defamation. A truthful estimate of dividends does not defame anyone, as it is factual information. A pamphlet simply listing a competitor's financial rating is also factual, assuming it accurately reflects the competitor's financial situation and does not misrepresent it. A verbal statement of a competitor's complaint ratio can be considered part of normal business discussions if it reflects truth and is based on objective metrics. Therefore, only the option suggesting the untrue statement fits the defamation definition, as it targets the competitor with false and damaging information.